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120t電站鍋爐設計畢業論文

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120t電站鍋爐設計燃貧煤120噸/小時電站鍋爐及主要部件設計
摘要

電站鍋爐是利用燃料燃燒釋放的熱能加熱給水，以獲取規定參數(溫度、壓力)和品質的蒸汽的設備。我國電力工業是規模巨大、發展迅速的先行工業，已居世界前列。
本次設計根據給定的畢業設計任務書，參考相關資料，結合工程實際情況，在分析鍋爐的基本構造、工作過程及基本特性的基礎上，對燃貧煤120 t/h電站鍋爐進行設計。鍋爐主體采用最典型的Π型布置方式，燃燒方式采用四角切圓燃燒。爐膛出口布置凝渣管，水平煙道布置兩級過熱器，垂直下行煙道交錯布置兩級省煤器和兩級空氣預熱器。另外本設計進行了爐膛設計計算、鍋爐各對流受熱面的設計計算、氣包與聯箱的強度校核計算、煙風阻力計算。在熱力計算中，利用相似原理，采用逐次逼近法，進行迭代計算，確定爐體及相關部件的尺寸。并用Excel編制了煤粉鍋爐設計計算表，輸入對應參數后可自動計算并輸出結果，適用于總體布置相似的所有煤粉鍋爐。
鍋爐的設計效率為90.578%，爐膛橫截面積為38.117m2，爐膛容積為600.377m3。從計算結果得知，該鍋爐設計合理，效率較高，可供工程實際設計參考，若能工程實施，將能帶來較好的社會效益與經濟效益。本畢業設計論文包括設計說明書及計算書一份、鍋爐系統總圖一張、鍋爐水管系統圖一張、鍋筒圖一張、集箱零件圖一張。
關鍵詞鍋爐；熱力計算；結構設計；強度計算；煙風阻力計算

Design of 120t/h power boiler system and main parts with bituminous coal
Abstract
The power plant boiler is a equipment that can use thermal energy released by the fuel burnt for heating up the water, and can gain the steam of stipulation parameter (temperature, pressure) and quality. In the modern age, the development of electric power industry which experiences the huge scale and rapid development, has occupied the world front row in our country.
According to the graduation design task that the tutor gave definitely, this design combines the operation experience of the project practice and consult the relevant design data, a 120t/h power plant boiler burning bituminous coal is designed on the basis of consulting concerning references and analyzing basic structure ,working process and general features of the boiler. Typical Π type boiler and tangential firing burner are adopted. The screen tube is distributed at the outer gate of the furnace; primary and secondary superheater in the horizontal flue and higher and lower level economizers cross-connectedly in the vertical flue. In addition, designing calculation of furnace, convective heating surface, intensity of drum and smoke-wind resistance of boiler are accomplished. It should be emphasized that similarity criterion and successive approximation method with iterative computing are used in heating calculation. And the chart was constituted for designing pulverized coal boiler with Excel software. After inputting correspondence parameter, it was able to compute and output result automatically. The chart was suitable in all pulverized coal boilers which have similar configuration.
The efficiency、sectional area and volume of the designed boiler are 90.578%, 38.117 m2, 600.377m3 respectively. It can be seen from the calculating result that the total design can gain both the economical benefit and the social benefit, which indicates the design can be provided as reference of actual engineering design. This graduation design paper included a design instruction，a systemic drawing of boiler, a drawing of tube ,a drawing of drum and a drawing of header’s components.
Keywords Boiler Thermodynamic; enengy calculation; Internsity calaulation;
The smoke and breeze resistance calculation

不要刪除行尾的分節符，此行不會被打印
目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II

第1章緒論 1
第2章鍋爐總體結構與設計簡介 4
2.1 鍋爐結構概述 4
2.2 方案論證 5
2.2.1 燃燒方式選擇 5
2.2.2 鍋爐的總體布置 5
2.2.3 爐膛設計 5
2.2.4 過熱器與減溫器的選取 6
2.2.5 省煤器的選取 6
2.2.6 空氣預熱器的選取 6
2.2.7 鋼架、平臺和扶梯 7
2.2.8 爐墻 7
2.2.9 鍋爐范圍內的閥門儀表 7
2.3 本章小結 7
第3章熱力計算 8
3.1 鍋爐規范、輔助計算及熱平衡計算 8
3.1.1 基本參數 8
3.1.2 煤種及燃料特性 8
3.1.3 輔助計算 9
3.2 熱力計算 13
3.2.1 燃燒室設計及傳熱計算 13
3.2.2 凝渣管的傳熱計算 20
3.2.3 過熱器的傳熱計算 24
3.2.4 省煤氣和空氣預熱器的傳熱計算 33
3.3 熱力計算結果匯總 47
3.4 本章小結 48
第4章強度計算 49
4.1 鍋筒強度校核計算 49
4.1.1 鍋筒筒體強度校核計算 50
4.1.2 孔的加強計算 51
4.2 下降管聯箱的強度設計計算 55
第5章煙風阻力計算 60
5.1 煙氣側流阻計算 60
5.2 空氣預熱器空氣側流阻計算 66
5.3 引、送風機的選取 68
5.4 本章小結 69
第6章結論 70
致謝 71
參考文獻 72
附錄A 英文資料翻譯 73
附錄B Excel計算表使用說明 99
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