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CA6140普通車床的數(shù)控化改造

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CA6140普通車床的數(shù)控化改造針對(duì)大多數(shù)企業(yè),具有數(shù)量眾多和較長使用壽命的普通機(jī)床，其加工精度較低、不能批量生產(chǎn)，自動(dòng)化程度不高，自適應(yīng)性差，但考慮投資成本，產(chǎn)業(yè)的連續(xù)性，又不能馬上被淘汰。
數(shù)控機(jī)床作為機(jī)電液氣一體化的典型產(chǎn)品，能解決機(jī)械制造中結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、精密、批量、零件多變的問題，加工質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定，生產(chǎn)效率較高。
購買新的數(shù)控機(jī)床是提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和效率的重要途徑,但是成本高，許多企業(yè)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)，這嚴(yán)重阻礙企業(yè)設(shè)備更新的步伐。為此把普通機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造，不失為一條投資少、提升產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量及生產(chǎn)效率的捷徑，提升企業(yè)競(jìng)爭力，在我國成為制造強(qiáng)國的進(jìn)程中，占有一席之地。本文的主要內(nèi)容有：
1．對(duì)普通車床數(shù)控化改造經(jīng)濟(jì)性評(píng)價(jià)詳細(xì)論證，確定普通車床數(shù)控化改造方案；
2．對(duì)進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的滾珠絲杠型號(hào)選擇與裝配設(shè)計(jì)，支承方式的設(shè)計(jì)與軸承型號(hào)選擇，步進(jìn)電機(jī)選擇等進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究；
3．對(duì)常用進(jìn)口數(shù)控裝置系統(tǒng)和國產(chǎn)數(shù)控裝置系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)比較，根據(jù)所改造的性能和精度指標(biāo)來選配數(shù)控裝置系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)刀架型號(hào)，提出選擇方法；
4．根據(jù)普通車床CA6140電氣控制系統(tǒng)和原理圖與普通車床數(shù)控化改造CJK6140-A的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)對(duì)比分析，形成普通車床數(shù)控化改造完整的電氣控制技術(shù)圖；
5.為保持切削螺紋的功能，仔細(xì)研究了在主軸上安裝脈沖發(fā)生器的選型，脈沖發(fā)生器直接與主軸間連接方法，并形成了相應(yīng)的技術(shù)圖；
6.拆卸普通機(jī)床，甩掉原有進(jìn)給箱等，對(duì)主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)行大修，滑板貼塑與鏟刮調(diào)試，對(duì)機(jī)床相關(guān)部件和參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)繪、測(cè)量；
7.繪出相應(yīng)的零件圖和裝備圖；
8．給出普通車床數(shù)控化改造的安裝、調(diào)試方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：普通車床、數(shù)控、改造

ABSTRACT

Most enterprises still have large amounts general-purpose machine tools which have longevity of service, low precision, can not adapt to mass production, low automatization and adaptability, but can not be washed out because of its low cost and continuity of enterprise’s production.
As a representative production of mechanical, electronic, hydraulic and pneumatic integration, numerically controlled machines have a stabilization quality and high efficiency, and can solve problems such as complex structure, high precision, mass production, part variety in machining.
Purchasing new numerically controlled machines is an important way to improve production precision and efficiency, but it may not come true to many enterprises because it cost much. Enterprises’ equipment updating step are counteracted severly. So General lathe's numerically controlled reforming is a quick way that costs less, improve production precision and efficiency, and it can improve enterprises’ competitive power. So it can takes its place in our way to a powerful manufacturing country. The main contents is:
1. The economical efficiency of the reform is evaluated in detail and the reforming scheme is maked according to misty optimum’s synthesize adjudicate principle.
2. The ball screw’s type, assembling, supporting, bearing type, and stepping motorof feeding system is designed.
3. The import and domestic NC systems were compared carefully, brought up a choose method and selected the NC system and automatic tool rest according to the function and accuracy index of reforming.
4. The complete electricity control diagram was drawn out according to the result of comparing CA6140’s electricity control system and principle with the reforming CJK6140-A’s NC system.
5. In order to protect the function of cutting a screw ,we carefully studied the impulse regulator and its connection with the principal axis, and draw out a techniquediagram.
6. Disassembled the lathe, throw away the old feeding system, repaired the main driving system ,covered plastics on sliding surface, shoveling or scraping and testing, counted or measured the parts of the lathe.
7. Draw out parts diagrams and assemble diagram.
8 .Methods of installing and testing of general purpose lathe’s numerically controlled reforming were put forward.

Key words: General purpose lathe、 Numerical control(NC)、Reform

目錄

第一章前言 6
1.1 問題的提出 6
1.1.1國內(nèi)外數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展概況 6
1.1.2國內(nèi)外數(shù)控技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 7
1.1.3智能化新一代PCNC數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 7
1.2 普通機(jī)床數(shù)控改造的經(jīng)濟(jì)性評(píng)價(jià) 8
1.2.1微觀看改造的必要性 8
1.2.2宏觀看改造的必要性 9
1.3 普通機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造市場(chǎng) 9
1.3.1改造的市場(chǎng) 9
1.3.2進(jìn)口設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)線的數(shù)控化改造市場(chǎng) 10
第二章CA6140普通車床數(shù)控改造總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)要求 10
2.1設(shè)計(jì)要求 10
2.2主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的改造 11
2.3主軸脈沖發(fā)生器 12
第三章進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)機(jī)械部分設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 14
3.1 進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)改造設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.2 進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)機(jī)械部分的計(jì)算與選型 14
3.2.1確定系統(tǒng)的脈沖當(dāng)量
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